MUHS SYLLABUS OF BACHELOR OF PROSTHETICS AND ORTHOTICS

(THIRD YEAR)

Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine & Amputation Surgery.

Sports Medicine :Introduction to sports medicine, common sports injuries and general management. Mechanism of injury to hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand in various sports and their management. Amputation Surgery Terminology Indication

General : Ideal stump, General principles, types of amputation, i.e., Guillotine, Flap, Osteoplastic, Myoplastic, Osteomyoplastic. Patient preparation, preoperative, operative and post operative techniques in general.

Amputation : Amputation surgery in lower limb. Amputation surgery in upper limb.

Amputation in special circumstances, like in infants and childrens & Geriatrics. Amputation in peripheral vascular diseases, Congenital limb deficiencies, Ischemic limb and malignancy.

Prosthetics Upper Extremity

Theory : Types of Through Wrist Prostheses.

Through Wrist Prosthetic components.

Through Wrist Biomechanics.

Through Wrist Socket Shape, Clinical Considerations.

Casting Techniques for Plastic Sockets.

Fabrication technique of Through Wrist Prostheses with Plastic socket and with Leather Socket, Throught Wrist prescription principles.

Through Wrist check-out procedures.

Below Elbow Prosthetics : Types of Below Elbow Prosthetics, Below Elbow Components.

Below Elbow biomechanics. Below Elbow Sockets shape and clinical considerations. Casting Techniques for Plastic sockets, Cast modification for plastic socket. Fabrication technique for Below Elbow Prostheses with Plastic socket and Leather socket Below Elbow prescription principles. Below Elbow check-out procedures.

Above Elbow Prosthetics: Types of Above Elbow Prostheses. Biomechanics. Socket shape and designing. Clinical casting technique for Plastic socket. Cast modification for plastic socket. Fabrication technique of Above Elbow Prostheses with plastic socket and with Leather socket. Elbow mechanism, Prescription principles, Above Elbow Check-out procedures.

Shoulder disarticulation. : Prostheses for very short A.E. Shoulder disarticulation four quarter and hind quarter amputation. Components measurement and fabricational technique. Hardware systems amplifiers.

Hardware : All components related to Upper Limb Fabrication of various levels

including special features and manufacturing systems. Such as various types of wrist units, terminal devices, elbow assemblies, for B.E., A.E. and elbow disarticulation, shoulder disarticulation and special cases.

Harnessing : Various harnessing used for wrist disarticulation, below elbow, above elbow, shoulder disarticulation and reinforcing of harnesses. Control Cable

Assemblies : Single control cable, dual control cable and triple control cable.

Components and operation.Check Socket : Check socket fabrication for below elbow,

above elbow, shoulder disarticulation prostheses using various materials.

Prosthetics Practical : Fabrication of Below Elbow Prostheses with different types Socket. Above Elbow Prostheses. Elbow Disarticulation. Harnessing system use for A.E’s and B.E’s

Orthotics Upper Extremity:

Objective of Splinting and Principles.

Basic opponens splints and attachments.

Flexor hinge splint finger driven.

Flexor hinge splint wrist driven and shoulder driven.

Functional Arm Orthoses.Feeders.

Elbow Orthoses.

Upper Extremity: To prepare following hand splints with attachments. Orthotics

Practicals A) Basic Opponens hand splint.

B)Long Opponens splint.

Attachment with A &B.

‘C’ Bar.

Spreader bar swivel thumb.

Spring swivel thumb.

First dorsal interosseous assist.

Lumbrical bar.

Dynamic finger flexion assist.

Thumb IP extension assist.

IP extension assist with MP extension.

Mp assist.

MP spring extension assist.

Attachment with B.

Action wrist with dorsiflexion assist.

Adjustable MP flexion control.

Adjustable MP flexion control and IP extension assist.Adjustable MP flexion control and IP flexion assist.Hand splint prop.Flexor hinge splint, finger driven.Flexor hinge splint, shoulder driven.Flexor hinge splint, wrist flexion driven.

C) Prepare Elbow cages.

D) Hoops straight shoulder suspension hoop, axillary shoulder suspension hoop. Forearm cuff elbow flexion assist to straight shoulder suspension hoop. To attach abduction outrigger to a straight shoulder

suspension hoop.To prepare By-pass shoulder suspension hoop.Attach shoulder flexion assist to a By-pass shoulder suspension hoop.Add forearm cuff for elbow flexion and external shoulder rotation assist to a By-pass hoop with shoulder flexion assist. Add a shoulder rotation stabilizer,

shoulder and elbow flexion assist and locking elbow joint to a By-pass shoulder suspension hoop Add a forearm rotation stabilizer to a Bypass shoulder suspension hoop equipped with shoulder rotation stabilizer, locking elbow and shoulder and elbow flexion assist. Add a shoulder

rotation stabilizer, free elbow, elbow flexion assist with forearm cuff to a By-pass shoulder suspension hoop.Add a shoulder rotation stabilizer, shoulder and elbow flexion assist and free elbow with forearm cuff to a

By-pass shoulder suspension hoop.

E) To prepare a Pronation and/or Supination assist.

F) Prepare feeder appliances.

Spinal Orthotics :

Static & Dynamic alignment of spine. Biomechanical functions of spine. Indication for spinal orthosis. Principles of designs of spinal orthosis. Objectives of spinal orthosis. Designation system and

Nomenclature for spinal orthosis : Biomechanical analysis to prepare a proper design of spinal

orthosis including force analysis and evaluation process, etc. Low Density Vissco Elastic Transmitters (L.D.V.E.T.). Tripod concept, Riser’s sign, Righting reflex, etc.Cervical Orthoses: Indication and purposes. Cervical orthoses with minimal,

moderate (intermittent) and most efficient control, comparison between and among all above cervical orthoses.Lumbo Sacral orthoses: Indication and purposes. Different designs of Lumbo Sacral orthoses and omparison.

Thoraco Lumbo Sacral Orthoses: Indication and purposes, different types of Thoraco Lumbo Sacral Orthoses and comparison.

Definitions: Scoliosis, Kyphosis, Spondilolisthesis, Spondilosis, Spondilolysis, Idiopathic Scoliosis.etc.Spinal Orthotic Management for the above.Measure technique for all above types of spinal orthoses and check out processes, etc. Measurement technique, fabrication methodology and check out

process of Milwaukee Brace, (under arm spinal orthosis.) Miami Brace, Boston Girdle, Lyoner Orthoses. Orthotic management for special cases of spinal deformity in MMC, Muscular Dystrophy, Koch’s spine, Scheurrmann’s aiseases, Kyphoscoliosis, Torticollis, Multiple deformities.

Cervico Thoraco Lumbo Sacral Orthoses : Designs & functionsPractical for Spinal Orthotics.To prepare Cervical Orthosis for minimal, moderate & most efficient contrtol. (min.2 designs).To fabricate metallic L.S.O/T.L.S.O., (min. 2 designs).To take POP cast & prepare plastic moulded spinal orthosis like Milwaukee brace, Miami brace, Boston Girdle, etc. (min. 2 designs). To prepare min 2 designs for special cases of spinal deformities with certain requisite modification including different designs of sitting frame, combinations & permutations of earlier designs, etc. Total no. of spinal orthosis for submissions (term work) is

min 8 (eight)

Dissertation : A student willprepare a dissertation or case study on advacement in prosthetics and orthotics, giving different references and prepare an experimental model test it on patient. Approxmiately 50-60 pages report will be prepared.

This will be considered as a part of term work. The dissertation book duly completed will be submitted one montb prior to tinal examination, Bachelor of Prosthetics and Orthotics to Head of Department, Prosthetic & Orthotic of the said college.

However, the University shall appoint two examiners one in Orthotic and one in Prosthetic Speciality, seperatelly to examine term work and conduct Viva following presentation.

Modern Development and Research Methodology in Prosthetics & Orthotics.

Research Methodology : Clinical Research in Orthotics. Experimental & Descriptive Orthotics research. Different Experimental designs.

Definitions :- Internal & External Validity,Variables & Constants, Vivo &

Vitro studies , Standards, Specification, A Test Procedures, Compliance Testing, etc.Development in Orthotics : Development in Lower Extremity Orthoses. Spinal Orthoses and Upper Extremity Orthoses, Mobility Aids. Preparation of a research project in Orthotics. To prepare a project report, a Model of modern setup for R&D in Orthotics to be designed to suit Indian conditions. Development in materials technology in orthotics.

Prosthetics : 1) Influence of culture & terrain in designing of prosthetic devices.

2) Prostheses in sports.

3) Immediate prostheses & early limb fitting.

4) Prostheses in CBR.

5) Study of different pylon assemblies.

6) Externally powered devices.

7) New material technology in Prosthetics.

8) Use of CAD CAM Technology.

9) Establishing Rehabilitation Limb Fitting Centre in rural environment.

10) Use of Trandusarors in Prosthetics & Orthotics.

11) Management of congenital amputees & problematic cases

Clinics & Case Reports : The students have to attend patients and take in the prescription of

Prosthesis/Orthosis. He will also take active part in clinical discussion.

INTERNAL ASSESSEMENT SUBJECT (COLLEGE EXAM)

Pharmacology

General : General action of drugs, drug allergy, idiosyncrasy, analgesics, sedatives, psychotherapetics & stimulants. Drug toxicity, method administration

Medicine : Managment of: Nutritional disorders, IHD,Viral diseaes: H.I.V., Hepatitis B,

Bacterial diseaes: T.B., Leprosy, Dibetes, Epilepsy. Hypertension, Oedema, ` Chronic Pllution Diseases

Study Tour : After completion of Second Year Exam each student has to attend an educational tour which will cover some of the major prosthetics and orthjotics centres of India. Atleast five centres of national importance

SCHEME OF EXAMINATION :THIRD YEAR B.P.O.
Sr. No.	Subjects			Theory	Internal Asst.	Term Work	Practical /Oral	Seminar	Time
1.	Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine Amputation Surgery.			80	20	-	-	-
2.	Prosthetic Upper Extremity.			80	20	100	100	20
3.	Orthotic Upper Extremity.			80	20	100	100	20
4.	Spinal Orthotic.			80	20	100	100	20
5.	Dissertation.			-	-	100	-	-
6.	Modern Development in Advance Materials.			80	20	-	-	20
7.	Brace Clinic.			-	-	80	20	-
8.	Case Conference.			-	-	40	10	-
	Total			400	100	420	330	80
INTERNAL ASSESEMENT SUBJECTS
Sr. No.		Subjects	Marks Distribution		Remarks
1		PHARMACOLOGY	50 (40 + 10)		Internal Assesement - Prepare journal Term Work - Internal Assesement - Test should be conducted.
2		MEDICINE	50 (40 + 10)
3		STUDY TOUR	50 (40 + 10)

As per direction number 22/2001 on "Conduct of Examination" issued on 08/08/2001. There will be three heads of passing & passing will be 50 % in each head.

1. Theory

2. Practical + Oral

3. Internal Assessment (Theory + Practical)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------